Mastering NFP Endowment Accounting: Essential Compliance and Reporting Strategies for Nonprofits
Endowments are a cornerstone for nonprofit financial sustainability, providing a permanent funding source that enables organizations to support their mission for generations. Yet, nonprofit endowment fund accounting is daunting, with complex compliance requirements and evolving standards such as UPMIFA (Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act) and ASC 958. For nonprofits and their boards, proper endowment management entails more than maintaining spreadsheets — it involves building stakeholder trust and ensuring the organization’s long-term future. In this guide, Temple Management CPA shares everything you need to know about accounting, compliance, and reporting for nonprofit endowment funds. Understanding Nonprofit Endowments What is an Endowment Fund? A nonprofit endowment fund is a pool of assets — such as cash, securities, or property — meant to be invested permanently. Earnings from these investments support a nonprofit’s programs, operations, or future initiatives, providing stability in unpredictable times. Endowments are built to last, typically preserving the principal forever. Only part of the investment returns are used each year, which helps safeguard the organization’s future and honor donor intent. Types of Endowment Funds Permanent (True) Endowments: The donor requires the principal to remain intact, allowing only the generated earnings to be used. These are the most common and align with the perpetual nature of endowments. Term Endowments: The principal is held for a set period or until a specified event. Afterward, the organization may access the funds. Quasi-Endowments: Board-designated funds. Here, the board may decide to treat unrestricted assets as an endowment, but can also change their designation in the future. Each type has different accounting and reporting implications. Essential Accounting Standards for NFP Endowments FASB ASC 958-205: Financial Statement Presentation ASC 958 requires nonprofits to report…